Pluralul si articolul in limba engleza

Singularul și pluralul substantivelor în limba engleză

​

1. Pluralul regulat:
Adăugăm „-s” la pluralul substantivelor regulate.
Exemple:

1. Book → Books

2. Chair → Chairs

3. Table → Tables

4. Computer → Computers

5. Pen → Pens

6. Car → Cars

7. Tree → Trees

8. Dog → Dogs

9. Friend → Friends

10. Window → Windows

​

Exercițiu 1:
Completați cu pluralul corect:

1. Teacher → ___________

2. Phone → ___________

3. Ball → ___________

4. Lamp → ___________

5. Hat → ___________

6. Bus → ___________

7. Student → ___________

8. Flower → ___________

9. Country → ___________

10. Picture → ___________

​

​

2. Pluralul cu „-es”:
Se folosește atunci când substantivul se termină în „s”, „x”, „z”, „ch”, „sh”.
Exemple:

1. Box → Boxes

2. Glass → Glasses

3. Watch → Watches

4. Brush → Brushes

5. Fox → Foxes

6. Church → Churches

7. Buzz → Buzzes

8. Match → Matches

9. Kiss → Kisses

Exercițiu 2:
Completați cu pluralul corect:

1. Bush → ___________

2. Tax → ___________

3. Lunch → ___________

4. Watch → ___________

5. Dish → ___________

6. Box → ___________

7. Class → ___________

8. Miss → ___________

9. Quiz → ___________

10. Branch → ___________

​

3. Pluralul cu „-y” care se transformă în „-ies”:
Dacă substantivul se termină în „-y” și înainte de „-y” este o consoană, schimbăm „-y” în „-ies” pentru plural.
Exemple:

1. Baby → Babies

2. City → Cities

3. Country → Countries

4. Family → Families

5. Party → Parties

6. Story → Stories

7. Lady → Ladies

8. Sky → Skies

9. Factory → Factories

10. Country → Countries

Exercițiu 3:
Completați cu pluralul corect:

1. Family → ___________

2. Baby → ___________

3. City → ___________

4. Story → ___________

5. Party → ___________

6. Country → ___________

7. Lady → ___________

8. Sky → ___________

9. Country → ___________

10. City → ___________

​

4. Pluralul neregulat:
Unele substantivelor au forme neregulate pentru plural.
Exemple:

1. Child → Children

2. Man → Men

3. Woman → Women

4. Tooth → Teeth

5. Foot → Feet

6. Mouse → Mice

7. Goose → Geese

8. Person → People

9. Sheep → Sheep

10. Deer → Deer

Exercițiu 4:
Completați cu pluralul corect:

1. Man → ___________

2. Child → ___________

3. Person → ___________

4. Tooth → ___________

5. Woman → ___________

6. Goose → ___________

7. Mouse → ___________

8. Foot → ___________

9. Sheep → ___________

10. Deer → ___________

​

Lecția 2: Articolul în limba engleză

1. Articolul hotărât „the”:
Articolul „the” este folosit pentru a face referire la un obiect specific sau deja menționat, indiferent dacă este la singular sau plural.
Exemple:

1. The book is on the table.

2. The car is parked outside.

3. The chairs are comfortable.

4. The teacher is in the classroom.

5. The children are in the park.

6. The weather is nice today.

7. The house is big.

8. The flowers are beautiful.

9. The movie is interesting.

10. The computer is performant.

Exercițiu 5:
Completați cu „the” sau lăsați spațiu gol dacă nu e necesar articolul:

1. __________ car is new.

2. __________ children are in the park.

3. __________ dog is inside, on the sofa.

4. __________ flowers are yellow.

5. __________ teacher is very nice.

6. __________ books are on the table.

7. I have __________ pencil.

8. __________ weather is very hot.

9. __________ house is old.

​

2. Articolul nehotărât „a” și „an”:
„A” se folosește înaintea cuvintelor care încep cu un sunet consonantic, iar „an” înaintea cuvintelor care încep cu un sunet vocalic.
Exemple:

1. I have a book.

2. She is a teacher.

3. He has an apple.

4. I have a cat.

5. Mary has got a pen.

6. She has an orange in the kitchen.

7. They have a dog.

8. I have an umbrella.

9. We have a car.

10. She has an idea.

Exercițiu 6:
Alege între „a” și „an”:

1. I have __________ umbrella.

2. She has __________ dog.

3. He is __________ engineer.

4. She has __________ cat.

5. I have __________ apple.

6. We have __________ chair.

7. They have __________ car.

8. She has __________ orange.

9. He is __________ honest man.

10. ​

3. Articolul „some” și „any”:

• „Some” este folosit în propozițiile afirmative pentru a arăta obiecte oarecare.

• „Any” este folosit în propozițiile interogative și negative.

Exemple:

1. I have some books.

2. She wants some water.

3. We need some chairs.

4. I don't have any pens.

5. Are there any apples in the fridge?

6. He doesn't have any money.

7. I bought some bread.

8. There are some students in the classroom.

9. Do you have any questions?

10. We don’t have any milk.

Exercițiu 7:
Alege între „some” și „any”:

1. I don’t have __________ money.

2. We have __________ food.

3. Are there __________ apples on the table?

4. I need __________ help.

5. She doesn't have __________ time.

6. There are __________ chairs in the room.

7. Do you want __________ tea?

8. I don’t see __________ books.

9. We bought __________ bread.

10. Are there __________ students in the class?

​

4. Articolul zero (fără articol):
Se folosește pentru a vorbi despre lucruri în general sau pentru grupuri de obiecte.
Exemple:

1. Books are important.

2. I like fruit.

3. She loves music.

4. People need water.

5. Cars are expensive.

6. Dogs are friendly.

7. Children need education.

8. Flowers are beautiful.

9. Birds fly in the sky.

10. Trees provide oxygen.

Exercițiu 8:
Alege dacă este nevoie de articol sau nu:

1. __________ books are on the shelf. (Nu e nevoie de articol)

2. __________ children are in the playground.

3. __________ fruit is healthy.

4. __________ people are waiting.

5. __________ computers are new.

6. __________ birds are flying.

7. __________ cars are fast.

8. __________ flowers smell good.

9. __________ dogs are barking.

10. __________ weather is nice today.